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Depozitele bancare
information

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Depozitele bancare

calendar 6 November 2009

Depozitele bancare sunt una dintre modalitatile cele mai raspandite de a economisi. In mod direct nu ne aduc venituri de tipul pensiei sau cel putin nu inca. De ce sunt atat de raspandite? Pentru ca sunt foarte simple: o persoana imprumuta banca cu o suma de bani pe o perioada fixa ce variaza de la cateva saptamani pana la cativa ani. Cele mai raspandite depozite in Romania au o durata de 1 luna.

Exista mai multe variante de depozite:

1. Cu reinnoire automata. Aceste depozite se reinnoiesc la fiecare maturitate. De exemplu daca fac un depozit pe 1 luna cu reinnoire automata eu voi continua sa am acest depozit si dupa expirarea primei luni din cauza ca s-a reinnoit. Avantajul princcpal il reprezinta faptul ca nu voi fi nevoit sa merg de fiecare data la banca pentru a reinnoi depozitul. Dezavantajul este ca dobanda depozitului reinnoit va fi dobanda standard a bancii pentru acel tip de depozit din momentul reinnoirii si aceasta poste sa scada de la o luna la alta.

2. Cu capitalizare a dobanzii. Dobanda acumulata se adauga peste depozitul initial si la reinnoire voi avea o suma depozitata mai mare.

3. Fara capitalizarea dobanzii. In acest caz dobanda se plateste in contul curent al depunatorului si acesta poate benfeicia de banii respectivi dupa cum doreste.

4. Cu componenta investitionala. Aceste depozite nu sunt foarte raspandite. O parte din suma depozitata este investita in fonduri mutuale sau diversi indecsi si in functie de eveolutia acestora sumele obtinute pot fi mai mari decat in cazul depozitelor simple dar si riscul este mai mare.

5. Cu plata dobanzii in avans. Acest tip de depozit a aparut mai recent si consta in primirea dobanzii in momentul constituirii depozitului.

Cum vedem daca un depozit este mai rentabil decat altul?

La fel ca si in cazul creditelor, este important sa luam in calcul mai multi factori:

1. Dobanda. Aceasta se exprima in procente si este anuala. Un lucru mai putin stiut este ca exsta banci care considera anul ca avand 360 de zile si altele care considera acelasi an avand 365 de zile. Astfel o dobanda de 10% va va aduce mai multi bani in aceeasi perioada daca banca la care ati facut depozitul este din prima categorie fata de cele din categoria a doua.

2. Comisioanele. Deoarece depozitele se constituie dintr-un cont curent de cele mai multe ori trebuie sa fiti atenti la costurile contului curent. Aici aveti un comision de administrare care poate fi lunar, treimestrial, semestrial sau anual, comisioane de retragere numerar care in cazul in care veti folosi dobanda lunara va va diminua sumele pe care puteti sa le folositi. In afara de acestea mai exista banci care percep taxe de administrare conturi inactive. Din puctul de vedere al bancii daca faceti un depozit pe 1 an de zile si nu va mai atingeti de contul curent in toata aceasta perioada veti plati pentru acesta comisioane crescute pentru ca in afara de prima si ultima luna, contul a fost inactiv.

Deci pentru a putea compara doua depozite trebuie sa calculam suma de bani cu care ramanem dupa incheierea depozitului si plata tuturor comisioanelor

Pentru a folosi aceste depozite pentru economiile de pensie trebuie sa ne facem un plan si sa depunem lunar o anumita suma de bani in aceste depozite. Probelemele apar in momentul in care fie nu reusim sa ne tinem de plan fie folosim acesti bani pentru acoperirea cheltuielilor neprevazute.

Argumente pro: Flexibilitate atat din punct de vedere al perioadei cat si al dobanzii. Produs simplu si usor de inteles. Exista la orice banca. Risc scazut.

Argumente contra: Iti trebuie disciplina pentru a reusi sa economisesti pentru pensie si pe perioade lungi de timp (20 ani). Randamentele sunt variabile si pot fi afectate sau avantajate de riscul valutar.

Cum vi se pare? Credeti ca veti putea sa economisiti sa zicem 50 RON lunar timp de 20 ani? Comentati mai jos.


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4 raspunsuri la “Depozitele bancare”

  1. Maria scrie:

    Cred ca da.

  2. Luiza scrie:

    50 ron se poate economisi cu sguranta lejer in fiecare luna .Nu sunt fumatoare dar cred ca ar fi vorba cam de 3sau maxim 4 pachete tigari pe luna, nu? Nici nu stii de multe ori pe ce anume ai dar 50 roni, asa intr-o plimbare fara vreun scop prin parc sau trecand pe langa vreun chiosc.
    Oricum, lipsa de educatie in ce priveste economisirea sau investirea unor sume de bani ( mai ales de tineri , pentru vremea tamplelor carunte) cred ca-i face pe unii atat de sceptici cand vine vorba sa-ti asiguri singur batranetile.Ce-i drept, nici legile nu iti inspira siguranta, astazi sunt, maine se modifica, poimanie se abroga, raspoimane se completeaza…..

  3. alisa scrie:

    50 lei pe luna inseamna 12000 in 20 ani. plus ceva dobanzi, care se tot schimba, posibil inflatie. cat timp iti ajung sa traiesti banii astia? 2 ani? si pe urma ce faci, mori?

  4. suce scrie:

    Pentru alisa:

    Cu o dobanda de 10% pe an in 20 ani ajungi la suma de 49.500 ceea ce-ti asigura o pensie lunara de 500 / luna doar din dobanda.
    Pentru 100 lunar => 98.900 (1000 / lunar doar din dobanda)
    Pentru 200 lunar => 197.000 (1900 / lunar doar din dobanda)

    Avantaj: 1. poti sa retragi o parte din bani si sa-i investesti
    2. nu depinzi de stat si nici de populatia activa din tara care oricum e in crestere

Raspunde


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